Hydraulic controlling apparatus for hydraulic machinery.



No; 7305273. f f PATENTTEDJUNE 9; 193.,

` f `F. L. LANE & W. RAINIORTH. y HYDRAULIC) CONTROLLING APPARATUS FOR'HYIQRAULIG MAGHIN'IEZRY.V

` A1 P1.1 '1..T1o1wl FILED AUG. 21. 1902:. f lo Homer..v f l v- '2 SHEETS-s321111.

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UNITED STATI-3sl .Patentd'J une 9, 1 903.

PATENT OFFICE FRANCIS LAWRENCE LANE AND WILLIAM RAINFORTI-I, OF LEEDS,

y ENGLAND.

HYDRAULIC CONTROLLING APPARATUS FOR HYDRAULICMACHINERYi SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 736,273, dated June 9, 1903'.

Applicants tied August 21, 1902.

To all whom t may concern:

Be it known that we, FRANCIS LAWRENCE LANE and WILLIAM RAINFOETH, subjects of the King of Great Britain'and Ireland, residing at Leeds, England, have invented aV new and useful Improvement in and Relating to Hydraulic Controlling Apparatus for I-Iydraulic Machinery, of which the following is a specification.- 1' 'y This invention relates to an improved arrangement for automatically controlling the supply of water atllow and high pressure to any kind of hydraulic machine as circumstances may require.

In Inany instances, butrchiedy in the case of hydraulic presses or hydraulic riveters, it is found economical to have high and 10W pressure systems of water-service, so that the tools or like devices may be advanced close to their work'under the low-pressure Water and the working operation be. performed or completed by the high-"pressure water. Such an arrangement is useful especially in the case where the main hydraulic plant of an establishment is only suitable-for low pressures and its use is supplemented by the provision of local high-pressure'devices; such as intensifiers or other equivalent devices for obtaining a local high pressure service of Water.

Our invention haspfor. its object the arrangement of controlling means which have connection with both the high and low pressure services and adapted to automatically regulate the admission of the high-pressure water to the hydraulic machine after the lowpressure Water has reached its limit of work.

The principle on which the operation of the invention depends'is the equilib'rating of the pressurein thevari'ous parts of the de- Vice and the machine by which it is controlled While under the low-pressure Water,fand when this has been obtainedzthesaid low-pressure water automaticallyadmits the high-pressure water to nisli the operation. It is known that a certain relation exists between the velocity of a duid and its pressure'. In other words, for example, the velocity of water from an accumulator or intensifier to a cylinder is great when the pressure in the cylinder is small and decreases proportionately as the serial No. 120,569. (Nompdel.)

pressure increases untiliwhen the velocity is m'lthe pressure is at its maximum.

To carry our invention intoeiect, We connect the low-pressure Water with the cylinder of machine, and we'placeA a check-'valve in the supply-pipe to prevent any backward iiow of water from kthe cylinder into the low-pressure main. We alsotconnect the high-pressure water with the cylinder of the machinethroughv the medium of a'control valve or device which will automatically close by the pressure behind it. -With the cylinder of the machine we'also connectajdevice, such as a .ram or piston in a cylinder, which can be moved against a resistance which may,if necessary, be adj ustable.V rlhis device when operated by the pressure is adapted to operate the high-pressure control-valve, so as toopen the same and ad In it high-pressure water tothe cylinder of thevmachine. When this is donefthe low-pressure check-valve automatically closes and prevents the high-pressure waterfrom entering the low-pressure main. The working orcontrolling valve operated by the workman is on 'thelow-pressure service between the check-valve land thecylinder of the machine." Whenthe Vhigh-pressure water has done its work, the working valve is reversed in position and the cylinder of the machine is put into communication with the exhaust, and immediately the pressure is reduced in the cylinder the high-pressure valve is released by the automatic control device and closes itself by the pressure in the high-pres,- sure main.

We may in some cases make the piston or ram of the control device of differential areas with a means of'communication-between the two sides thereof,and wemay-provide meanssuch as a cock, valve,'or"oth`er adjustable bypass-for regulating the;area of;low in the said means of communicationin order to vary the rate'of movement of the saidpiston or ram.

In order that the invention may be the better understood, we will now proceed to describe the same in relation to the drawings hereunto annexed, referencebein g had to the letters marked thereon.

Like letters refer to like parts in the various figures.

Figure l shows diagram matically the general arrangement according to this invention of the various 'elements involved in a hydraulic-tool installation adapted to be operated by high and low pressure systems of hydraulic supply, in which the high and 10W pressure water pass through the automatic control device. Fig. 2 shows diagrammatically a modified arrangement, in which the control device is situated at the end of the hydraulic service, with the hydraulic cylinder of the machine situated between the operating-valve and control-valve. Fig. 3 is a sectional side elevation of an automatic control-valve, such as indicated in Fig. I. Fig. 4 is an end elevation of the same.

Referring to Fig. l, a is the low-pressure supply-service,and b is the high-pressure supply-service, both of which are connected to their respective sources of hydraulic power. In the low-pressure supply a is arranged a back check-valve c, which prevents the highpressure water passing into the low-pressure main, but permitting the low-pressure water to pass under certain circumstances. This check-valve c communicates with the automatic control device d, consisting in this case ot' an annular piston e with ram f, a series of holes g being provided through the body of the piston e to allow water to pass therethrough. In the high-pressure main b another checkvalve h is arranged, which is adapted to be lifted by the ram fwhen a certain pressure is reached. This valve h communicates by a passage 7l with the control device cl. The operating-valvej for con trolling the hydraulic machine la is placed between the machine 7n and the controldevice d, l being the exhaustpipe from lthe operating-valvej.

The arrangement shown in Fig. 2 is similar to that shown in Fig. l, with the difference that the control device d is connected by a pipe leading to it from the cylinder of the hydraulic machine 7c, so that it is situated at the extreme end of the hydraulic service. The ramfhas no annular piston, and the pipe from the check-valve h is led direct to the cylinder of the hydraulic machine 7a, so that the water does not pass through the control device cl in its passage to the hydraulic machine.

The action in each case is the same. When the operating-valve is moved to put the hydra-ulic pressure on the machine, the lowpressure water is admitted until such a time that the water-pressure in the cylinder of the machine reaches a certain amount, when the said pressure, acting on the ram f, operates the check-valve 71, and ad mits the Water from the high-pressure main to the machine, the check-valve c on the low-pressure main auto matically closing against the high-pressure water. Vhen the hydraulic machine has completed its working stroke, the operatingvalvej is moved to the position so as to place the machine in communication with the eX- haust-pipe l.

Referring now to Figs. 3 and 4, We there show an automatic control device d in detail for use with the arrangement as shown in Fig. l. The high-pressure Water enters the device by the passage 'nz and the low-pressure water by the passage n and leaves it by the passage o on its Way to the hydraulic machine. The piston e lits the cylinder freely and is provided with grooves p to prevent the water passing by too freely. The holes g are preferably made oblique to the axis of the piston to carry the piston downward while the low-pressure water is Flowing. The ram f has an upper stem q, which passes through a stuffing-box to the under side of the valve h. The water from this valve passes down a central hole r in the stem and ram to the upper side of the piston e, or equivalently it can pass by the pipe t, in which is preferably inserted a regulating-valve s to control the rate of admission of the highpressure Water to the control device. A spiral springt is disposed between the ram and the iixed upper part of the device and a lever u, With counterbalance fu, is arranged to act on the ram in order to provide means for regulating the amount of resistance tothe movement of the ramfaccording to circumstances.

Having now described our invention, what we claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. In combination with the low and high pressure service-pipe, a control device comprising a cylinder, a piston therein arranged to receive the low-pressure water on one side and an outlet for the water on the other side of the piston, oblique ports through the piston, a check-valve in the low-pressure pipe,

IOO

a valve in the high-pressure pipe and a connection between the piston and the high-pressure valve, substantially as described.

2. In apparatus for automatically controlling the supply of high and low pressure water to hydraulic machinery, an automatic control device consisting of a cylinder, a freely-working annular piston with ram Working in said cylinder, a low-pressure inlet to the annular piston in said cylinder, a checkvalve controlling the admission of low-pressure Water to said cylinder, in combination With a high-pressure inlet to said cylinder, a control-valve on said inlet, means for connecting the said cylinder with the hydraulic machine and means for operating the said high-pressure control-valve by the said ram when the Water-pressure from the low-pressure main has been equilibrated in the hydraulic system of the hydraulic machine, substantially as described.

3. In combination with a ram a low-pressure supply, a high-pressure supply, a checkvalve in the low-pressure supply, a valve in the high-pressure supply, a cylinder to which both the high and the low pressure supplies are connected, a piston in the cylinder upon one side of which the entering pressure fluid strikes and from the other side of which the IIO IZO

fluid Hows to theram and a yconnection between the said piston and the Valvel in the high-pressure supply, substantially' as described.

. .4. In combination a ram, a high and alow pressure supply-pipe, a cy1inder,.a piston therein, said cylinder being, connected with both the high and low pressure supply-pipes, a check-valve in the low pressure pipe, a valve in the high-pressure pipe connected with the piston in the cylinder, a connection between the cylinder and ram and a weighted lever for applyingvpressure to the piston, substantially as described.

5. In combination a ram, a low-pressure s upply-pipe, a high-pressure supply-pipe,va check-Valve in the low-pressure supply-pipe,

ERANoIs. LAWRENCE LANE. WILLIAM RAINEoRTH.

Witnesses:

WILLIAM JOHNSTON, ROBERT WILLIAM STOREY. 

